Health-Promoting Architectural Design for Nigerian Public Universities: A Scoping Review of Global and Regional Evidence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35898/ghmj-931369Keywords:
Health-promoting architecture, Indoor environmental quality, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), University built environment, Student health and well-beingAbstract
Background: The physical architecture of university campuses is increasingly recognized to influence the health, cognitive performance, and psychological well-being of students and staff. In Nigerian public universities, deteriorating infrastructure, inadequate ventilation, poor water and sanitation systems, and limited green spaces are thought to amplify the burden of communicable disease and poor mental well-being. Evidence on which design features matter for health on Nigerian university campuses has not been mapped.
Aims: This scoping review aimed to (1) map the evidence linking architectural and built-environment features to health and well-being outcomes in educational settings; (2) classify that evidence by origin (Nigeria, other sub-Saharan Africa, or elsewhere); and (3) derive prioritised, context-appropriate recommendations for Nigerian public universities.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review, reported following PRISMA-ScR, of literature published between 2015 and 2025, retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. We synthesised 86 sources that met the eligibility criteria thematically. Evidence was classified by geographic origin (Nigeria, another sub-Saharan Africa, elsewhere).
Results: Studies from non-Nigerian settings, mainly schools and hospitals, associate natural ventilation, green space, improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), and house screening with fewer infections or better mental well-being. Nigerian university data were largely absent. Explicit health-related design standards appear lacking in Nigerian regulation.
Conclusion: Health-focused design is a plausible but largely untested strategy for Nigerian universities. Priority should go to low-cost measures with the strongest regional support (WASH, passive ventilation), with local measurement and piloting before standards are mandated. Limitations include no study-level appraisal.
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